Literray Criticism of Abdul Mannan Syed by Salahuddin Ayyub

c c@mv (kH)

@Ac

w\/TFOS/Sv@

SF

c^/BfcSf/mpA/AF gK/~AgoS/qA..

Arr/A@r

Books_in_English

~cU T^S P @Ac : @Av 

UfS ~qc

~A^T BU  SAg ~AN Ac Z JA @c AT---
O^-ks ~m sc T swU mS,
rHf pAcf |

((Sf, ~cU T^S P)

1.

@@U o ~cU T^S P @Ac Aa ? j@ sw cAr  cq | ZS AF cr @AAS, TS , g A@S BAU of^S mw R T^S P B^^ @Acha     sAha cI U P@r@ FT R A | A@a cIAa cU TS  S, cU jq AcTkb  A s ceU AF OO c AcK ASB g er Z  | s T jJ UZ  j AaU ~T, jce s oS UZ  mAfS ~cm  d @AaUT ZS,  ~T AS cAXow m c c AccOS ~Ssq AaU | j U AaU v: j@A@ UZUAZ gAcKF cS  Fw @A, ~SFA@ ceU AF Ac@Ar l@K AcK AS:er q | c, @U ~cU T^S P J A jZS @wB a R j@Av AOAi kn ~T@ jTS ~SAH @S s UZUAZ AcK ~T Acr A ~ | j A@aq  J TS Sq, A@ ~AT TS @A ~cU T^S P mQ a ~T AF ~Scr ASAEO AcUAc  |

ASr-r-AaAr/Ar U @ | AFOO j@cq ScU@ ZS, c A@gc sS J @a@Aa ~c sw  sq | b@ AcrAcFU ceU Acgw gA  caZS@ cA@, A@ ZS@   ~cU T^S P qmvS ~A bJ T sw aAS | @ZS AAS cUU OMof  AO @A S, @ZS A@ gq , @ZS ~@U c A A@ gq  | ~SF cp^ b@ ~w Ov @ cU SR gU s ~AT ~cU T^S P@, q d @q, AF j@v ~A@ ^ c@ Ac ~Sc cFc @ jAa | ^ Ac J@ cFc @ Qn ~AT ~crF j@ Sq, ~T ~wB A@ec f ToF sJq J emr jaS J AFAcK@ c T, F R oH j@v oS l ~cU T^S P | AEOT T ~T @S AF-@K Sq jv F, A@ ~cU T^S P BfAccm  @S BSR AZ S | ~SB g sJ jZS s^ jq Bfc^ ~@qg Zc S AS, J @ @ cAU U j sw cS S |

@ ~eZF UZ@/Ar\f @ @ ~eZF wF, TUOS, T^cF, gKF, gkAT@ R cFZFS AAS AUZaS, fQS mpArA ~Ao@f ~cU T^S P ASB @aR   Ai@ Ac Sq | P @Ac AcK ~AcAocXogc @UT AUZ c TS ha, @Ac cq J s AcU TUOS@T,  ~T UZ mha^F FQ S UR, Q j@v co | J wF R TUOS j@-j@v cq@ TS ha sS j@@v  - cc @ @a sS ~^B A@a S cAU, ASAr F sS ASgU , AcrKH rAr sA s sS ~ArAU @ ~ww | j @U r Aros R ~OHf UR, ~T UQF TvR J Tw @Ac ~UOS S | ~AT ce J @cF j@v UQH qA A ZAS@v Ag^gc (jce @ZS @ZS mha gUgc, s R@UA @S F\ NT ) J A@a A@a @Ac i @ Z Oq |

OA\Ur-r @Ac AaUS F^, ~ Kv @Ac US B^^ - P ~@T S jq mHf A s B^^ @Acha@ TS Zq,  Am | ~cU T^S P  @ZSq ~ R@T @Ac AUZcS S (sTS AUZcS S SO^f @AcSvr-j T c^), A@ B^^ @Acha (1967) jZS ~T A @cFw^ | cmc / cmc-j UcU wMH ~T @a, j w^ U AcU @AcLrA R QTw ToF A ceU c@F wS R ceU gK mgc cUS j@v U ASfQ | ~T A : BFlm gk T JA ~a B, c B, ~T OA@ sAU B ~a T SfAUT U; BUa wa@U cB TrU; cF j@Av SQn, AUr j@Av SQn, @S j@Av SQn: ~ Tm  c a |

AOn@\ S cU, cf eA, @Ac j@ cUaS prF, s-prF ~  J  OZ OJ R ks T ~^  wa | ~T ~crF TS  meAn XoA j@T j@Av AOn@\ OS @ @Ac ASBq AcAm | ~cU T^S P @ZS c  ZaS A@S BAS S, A@ cU-@R a MUA@ c^ @S BU AS ~@ml ST ~UAS T c  d U  AUr wA @ d @ NATevS Tm cAW @Sv TU wFmvrS T@v sZS i^ @AS T ~^fSgc fW R AcrU j@ O ASO of of c s, ZS ~T mpA R TAmy - @S qeAB @Ac S- @cU ~r@-@SS j eAUq S  |

~T BAS B^^ @Acha @Ac A@ sMcS OS; P c Acr-cqr cAr S | ~AT TS @A, A AAUBT R  Ar cmc oU @cF@MrU  @, gc-AO^, AAS jU AUZaS jTS TS @ ew S | ~r@ @SS, wU jq An, wo jce ~AT, cwS S-- j cq TkU @AcF@ W ~n^ j@BS ZJAv ~oAS@ ~L-^OS | cmAc@ ~S A@ec AcAr @cF ArQSAcAr kn S, B^^ @Acha@ ~B s ~T @cF Ac AOA @ A  @H jU   ~^:rfU q ABAS s@ cv URU A cv V ~ @ABrS cUaS | URU T @Ac TS A@a ~a cv (@Ac Rg-qxvAvrS AS J TS Ac @ TS c) s TUO@ ZJAv ZJAv Xo @S; @Ac sA ~c TUO@ S, U ASB @S @Ac ~S@ ~ R e@ AAS ZU Z S | A@ , URU oH, @Ac j@er Tn ~T wO ~, Tw @AcAv ~^UfS rA s cv V ~ @ABrS R ^TS  A@aq ~AowTF  S | B^^ @Acha ^AUA ~T AZAS, A@  @v@Av w AaU S jTS TS @A S | A@ roS ~ em OS- WvS; TkU @AcU  j@ AQ, AcFlmp, ASA cq rF | s @S ZJAv @Ac jq ~ASAEO, ewS, ~AAT, ~@A A@ ~, ASA c BSFq ~Q @S AS  AS, @ZS T  T | ~cU T^S P @Ac  @Ac jq ASA c BSF J ~@U R j@oS ~oATAr fQ UQ @ s | fQ  c @Acq @S, A@ @S ~oco AS @S A@ ?

~cU T^S P j@BS OAUG, cFOf, R cB UZ@ | @Ac, w\, SF, @cFSvF-- pArfU AF cQn AAS TS mha^ | j rAr sA J AcU TUOS@T @ AccOS AZ, U UZ@ Ac J qU Tw ceUAF AAQq j@v ~F^ \UZswF WvS | AF c jU@ AXom c AHT ~cU T^S P @Ac PA a j@ U@Av@, j@v Acog | jq Acog R X^ o H S, @ZS @ZS J @Ac AF AcR Am | c A@ R ^ @ P @Ac AcrKH c UR, ~AT @cU jq Bwv TSF ~U U Oq |

sTS cUAa, ~cU T^S P @Ac rfL j@v ~oco, s ZAS@ ATH AZAmv co  USf, cr ~^gcq ATr @ | AF @U rZ AcOH jce AAv Qn  TUF UFUg @H jq ~oco B^ | J g: Ar Ar wF UZ U, J A @Ac sA gU cI ? sA Aro S ? sA qm c@U ~S v ? oFS AcBS TAB Ai fsA ~ T@Av S  ? A@ec ~S^ sA ~ ~fT SfAUT  wb cB r cwAS Ur  S I? jq ~re@ @ J @Ac PA  j@v ~co, s ~oco ~Ao@ @ S J@ R J @Ac@-- sv ~c swl J @Ac UZ H R AF |

~cU T^S P AT ArST ~S@U @Ac AUZaS | j @AcU AcK A@ T, S @Ac? gUc Sf R @ @^ @ cF@U ~@ wT R-c AS:^ cU | l@p T @Ac Acq RU@ ~T AOAS BAS | A@ AO@K@ T @Ac Ac wH @R @Ac A@ ~Ao@er T ~T Sf cU TS  S | @cF gw O sMS sJ cAr l, J ~crF @AcU cA U iq p cS | s @Ac  Aw cg @cU ~SFA@aq ~T  , ZS ~cU T^S P AcBS@ R gfKSgc UgSf qA^WS @AcU Ar\w ~cS wMH   cS cAr | ~AT cU Oq, cA Sf UR, jU ~^m AF @Ac | j@v H :

dH Z ~AT  wAa TB-Z |
va rfK ~B ~U^ cST |
T cKH @Av ZUa ~bU w^B |
@pG OJ I Aw @U ks BU ~B |
mOQ ZAa   OU w^T  |
AaJAa ~S^ @ Tk j@Av ~C |

(AT 5, ~cU T^S P-j r @Ac )

~cU T^S P UZ@BfcS-- OT ~m gR-- dS Z cU s A@a Sq, BSF ~STS @A AAS wF@B ~gFm dAvS il @S ACS ~TUA@ c BFlmAn ~rA ~Acgk R @q AAS cUaS | j A@ ASA c q Ug Tk sZS @U@ Acrf wT, okU, R Tc^ ~cR gR Or Bc @ ~I "cpA" ST ~ ? sAR A @Ac ArSTq j@v @Ac ~a J, P @AcgcS j@v c ~er A Ac @Ac ~AmA ZU @Uq UQ @ c | A @Ac j@Bw ~T A :

Zc ToF
q TSAc@  T BU-g OZ
scf wF @B BSF
ASB @a T Oq ~AT
kT SQn @ j@Av U f av j
              AcJo s ~T ~L

                      (A @Ac, r @Ac)

j  Z-jc-Ag^@T AT 6 ArST AS^ OHU ATAU i @ s  :
~TcF 
il @U bU-ST Sf
@cAU AdXo SM@
@cAU @U B BU O-ZR SM@
              Ag @ ~@U Z
k Am wf ~U-BU BB AT

                      (AT 6, r @Ac )

A@ec @S AUAZ @Ac j UqSU :
~B @ pAfS @a @dAS;
mpA ~B O T Sf b T f TAv@ |
--ASg wF AS---TI A Aq @AcLXf A@
EO  @ BfcS  WdAS |

                      (@S AUAZ, r @Ac)

POn S~U W AcFl AcJo s cUq @Ac UZS ~cU T^S P | J A TScf S, @Acq --- ~@KH R ~cS s Bw cO ^f Sf@R ASyg @ c QT Z | TB, , cmc R cABw, TScf @ A@ec ZFA cq ha J @Ac @a, A @a: @SS q @c @q  AAS ZJB OUaS aUcU A U cB ABT; q @c @q  fW j@ fQ J c @ @ZS m OMchO @ cA c UU-SfU-cB-SAU cAU Ta | sA q ~c@ Tk rNc^f @ S s sZS Jv gC I  m UwA, sA QAo cmc Acf Ur cwAS-TZ aUcU SAcgc S Wv, U  cF c jTS, AAXo wF wHrR s QAkH ~QT | rN R ~Q AsAS ~cUF TA, @US @AOl  q AcU Ug AH TA Tk a, P QR, c@U o cf ASB A/@Ac R ~Ao@ A s ~c, c @Ac  ~@v mf@A q |

4.

~cU T^S P cUgc qA^WS, fc, e, wU-qm w BTv cJoAS AOn@\T @Ac UZS | cUAa, P ~S@ \UZswF @Ac AF ~AcUgc @Ac-- ~l @Ac sZS j@v m^  R cFAL AS ASB ~AmL WKH : cU cUF, jv J @cF j@v c iS Tn, @S ~q j@Tn, ~AScs, A@ec coFTkU@ iS S | s AcrK iS mc @Aa  A@av Ag^, s@  gUiR cU s  | jq Ag^ c gU i mc rF ~lscFZFS A@ @~Ag^-R-~AcA @Ac-ST@-v@mv ~S cS s A@S  sOq @ Z |

wF  j@oS,  eA@, eW P @Ac B^ | jq eW J c @Ac Bw iUR AcKAv@ @cU wF ~ @Ac Acc Ac ZU gU c | w rNf Acr ~oAS@ @Ac BAvU cAXoAgA BSF @Ac rAr ~S@ TASmvR OS @S; A@ @ S ~T BAS, @Ac ~cS sv ~T ~cw R ~SgkA @a, v cAXo @a S | BSF gK ~o j@v AcrK AH Tk ~US@ c ~Ac@U o s-@S l @Ac oS R j@Tn O  J | TrA@U U, ~SgkA (~Ag) ~ ~AgcFA (@r) Aco TvS rAS@ BSF sTS, @Ac QR TAS ~c | jq ~SAnTF Aco AcK ~ww OS @ j@BS @Ac  Tw BfcSq TSAc@ AcAOn-BAvU-kQ ~SgkA R  T^U (A@ec c@T Tfcf) ~AgcFA ~fc ~S^S cFA  | Acf, ~SgkA cU rAS@ B S F R (s@ cU A ~Ag F, sTS STSUAB)| c s jTS @S rS @ ~T BASS s gKrf S (~l jTS @S rS Sq, gK cFc aq s rAS@ ASB @a c rS i@ @a cowTF), ~l gK sF cFA@q cF, BSF @Ac ~ rAS@ @^f TF Zc  Sq | rN  Bw (cmc c AF ) @ A@, j AB EOF rS j@c w @ | s-@S oS rAS@ @\ cp rN R Bw @ ASH ASAB; @H, j @-ASH e@v jA F TfTe   S | A@ rAS@ s j@ oS PcAS@ em ~mcS, q oS WS @FSAS@U rAS@cp^ gK@ (s-gK rS ~^AK F cF ha) j@v  A@ec ToFT cAr A@a TS @S AS | J oH, gK j@v v^xv, mha, Ay @O--- s ss cFc F ^AO  | qw A@ec @U A T  wS @@BS rAS@ @ c AU (TA@S r cF@ Tp UR---R ~c AF R ATFASAvB AcgwU -A rAS@ S aXcAr AAF@  Ac@ TfTe ~BR AS), ~SF c rAS@q gK ABASv@ @A vU ~AA A@a gc ~Swf | j Acr TkU j@v PcAS@ (@)em @s@ | rAS@ TS @S, wAH gK sA cUFfS  , f mAUA c SvrS sA AcrBSfS  , U rS gK@R @U@ ~ AL/cL, A@ec ~Ue@, f@ R @ @ T @ Xo, mha, j@c v^xv cFcs @ U c | Tv @, rAS@ pA gK U J LL R AcTk gc c ~ j@v c@ Tn (~S@v wAHA@ AOcAU ~Ag^-ASr@ TkU, AAT, c q@rS T), jce J TS @S, gK ASB c gK ~^A rN jTS @S QT Sq s  rAS@-A ~ AcS, cU, c cFF Wv  | rS gK en^ jq ~U@cf Acr ~crF w rNf oAS@ mQ R c ~nTH cr vU wa |

~cU T^S P A@ rAS@ gK-en^ jq T TScS ? o AAS @S, Bw @S @Acq gK jq ~omS  mf@ @cS S | gK sA ~SgkA, ccF, c ~Ag c , U @S j@v ABAS@ ~cFgc @r @c BSF swsw^ o @Ac j  @ A@ ? j@v @Ac s@T OAaUS Ai@ @T AUZ U R AcAg^ mc@, eA, c @S @S rN emS AS @Ac TS j@v rZr @ | gK ArQ@ R LLR @Ac jq AXo, er R ~pA @H A@ ? jv A@ jBSF S s ~SgkA R ~AgcFA ToF@ mgAc@ R ~AScs kL @AT ~S c UR j@c k @ ~oF ? ~SFgc cUU, s-~SgkA@ @Ac cF R A @ O,  gK ~S@kUF a c S; A@ s ~SgkA R gK q Ag^ ABAS, jTSA@ Acf ABAS, BSF gK R ~SgkA AS^HA c @pL @Ac BSF rys^ j@ ~^fS Uq | s @Ac s cAr rArUf, J @Ac j Uq  cAr fc, fQS, wgf | ~cU T^S P @T j@BS rArUf @Ac sJ @Ac mha^F R ~AUrS cAcc j Uq @U mQ ASAEO @ UUR ASB ~^w @Ac j Uq F AAS mf@ @cS | TS A@  S J hOH :

~T TS Ag
j@-Jv T
~T j@-Z^ m Ag
~wo T
nTw Tm c @
W TAa ~T
@@Av Ta

(Tr jF@AT @@Av Ta, r @Ac)

rAS@ gK jq cFc@  ~mha R kAK cUcS (~mha @SS Ta jZS Ta S, ~SFA@a f@; kAK @SS TS Ag j@-Jv T @Av cFA ~ -- s ~AmL ~crF PcAS@ em ~mrfU rAS@ mf@ @cS S --- i R i@g Ag^ R s mgAc@  S, @Ac rFR ~^w) sTS cUaS B jU ~AmvS jce TS @aS J ~SwTf rAS@ BS AU; A@ jq ~TW, f@A R ATT hOH s ~F^ cmc  Z  jce ~T cfgk @ U, jce Tkq s j@ @Ac Ac rS @ A,  BSF o @Ac R rS, A@ec @Ac R rAS@ @F S, gK AcK  T R Acr q Tdcf m^FR f | BSFq A@ Ai@  mc@ @Ac cUaS :

W- ~@r ToF
@O-cS U ToF
nTw T m Z Z
nTw cAU ZJ ZJ
~T A@a Ta
^A 
UT SA
A@a Ta
BUB PrcU
~ ~AT
jqc Ag
ASB ~
@ZS  iUT
j@Av S OAc

@S W- ~@r @ cUaS AAS ? @S ~@r ? @Sq c @O-cS U \UZ ? ~T T ~cU T^S P S, j U ~q @-Ac---q mwgKH | S A@ ? W- ~@r A@ec @O-cS U TS sA  cmc--  s ~q cmc @ (~SgkA, @\S, AcF ~US)- @ ^OS BSF @cU @Ac Qq  R c S OAc: gK crf@H T^cU s A ec rKT OH WKH @aS Kv coAS@ @Ac ~cU T^S P | U ~S j@Acer rNf ~T ~c @Ac BoAS @A, @SS @Ac cmc ~Ao@ cmc; @SS @Ac TScgK rA, QT R XgcS Xo ~^:; @SS @Ac cmc ~SwTS @ @,  SA rf R BUB PrcU ~L ~Ao@ @ @, rKs^  ^ Wv: Tr jF@AT @@Av Ta @AcAv TS A@ jq S ?

jq UZ ~S @TS UwU ?